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西方心理分离的研究回顾心理学空间

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西方心理分离的研究回顾*涂翠平1,2夏翠翠1,3方晓义1(1北京师范大学发展心理研究所,北京100875)(2北京科技大学天津学院心理咨询中心,天津301811)(3北京师范大学心理咨询中心,北京100875)摘要:近几十年来,家庭对儿童青少年心理发展的影响受到众多研究者的关注,国外家庭研究和治疗领域的许多研究者进行了大量有关心理分离的研究。心理分离即个体与家庭在心理上的分离并形成个体化的程度。文章从心理分离的界定、心理分

乎都从量上来考察心理分离,比如说心理分离的水平,使用的方法是以自我报告的量表为主。但是对于心理分离的内容方面的考察却很少有人涉及。另外,用访谈法等质性的研究方法能够比自我报告的量表法得出的结果更有意义,更深入,不仅能够考察心理分离的一般性,而且还可以考察它的个体特殊性。

(4)研究与实践结合更加紧密,增加对临床样本的基础研究和干预研究:提高个体的心理分离水平是否能提高个体的心理健康水平?目前的研究大部分是针对正常的美国白人群体进行的,几乎没有对临床样本进行的研究。而我国的婚姻和家庭治疗也多经验取向,迫切需要理论的指导,与实践紧密结合的研究不仅可以汲取实践中丰富的成果,而且可以为实践高效的开展提供指导。对临床样本进行基础研究和干预研究,能够在我们的家庭治疗实践中验证和深化Bowen的理论。

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